MBBS 2ND YEAR: SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

 

1)THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Syllabus:
[8] Atelectasis.
[2] Pneumonias
[1] COPDs: Emphysema, Chronic bronchitis, Bronchial asthma, Bronchiectasis.
[3] Lung abscess.
[4] Fungal lesions of Respiratory System.
[5] Viral lesions of Respiratory System.
[6] Pulmonary tuberculosis:
a) Primary tuberculosis
b) Secondary tuberculosis
c) Morphologic varieties, e.g. Pleuritis.
[7] Occupational lung diseases:
Mainly Pneumoconiosis.
[9] Hyaline membrane disease.
[10] ARDS. [11] Tumours of lung & pleura.

Questions:
LE:
1. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of carcinoma lung and write the morphology of small cell carcinoma. [6+3=9] [RS Mar 04, P2]

SE:
1. Define atelectasis. Discuss the types and their causes. [OS Apr 02]
2. What are the types of atelectasis in the lung? [OS Sept 02]
3. Enumerate the stages in the evolution of lobar pneumonia. List the complications. [RS Nov 01, P2], [OS Apr 01]
4. Bronchopneumonia. [RS Mar 03, P2]
5. Vial pneumonias. [RS Mar 06, P2]
6. Emphysema-Definition, types and aetiology. [RS Oct 03, P2]
7. Panacinar emphysema. [RS Mar 05, P2]
8. Aetiology and pathology of bronchiectasis. [RS Nov 00, P2]
9. Gross, microscopy and complications of bronchiectasis. [RS Sept 02, P2]
10. Write a note on silicosis. Enumerate and name various pneumoconiosis. [OS Apr 02]
11. Silicosis. [RS Dec 04, P2]
12. Oat cell carcinoma lung. [RS Nov 01, P2]
13. Spread of bronchogenic carcinoma. [RS Nov 00, P2]
14. Bronchial carcinoid. [RS Mar 06, P2]

SA:
1. Mention the stages and complications of lobar pneumonia. [RS Mar 04, P2]
2. Differences between lobar and Bronchopneumonia. [RS Sept 02, P2]
3. Enumerate the conditions that cause COPD. [RS Mar 03, P2]
4. Morphology of bronchiectasis. [RS Mar 05, P2]
5. Gross appearance of lung in bronchiectasis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
6. Complications of bronchiectasis. [OS Apr 01]
7. Name asbestos related lung lesions. [RS Dec 04, P2]
8. Etiology of bronchogenic carcinoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
9. Spread of bronchogenic carcinoma. [RS Oct 03, P2]
10. Paraneoplastic Syndromes of oat cell carcinoma lung. [RS Mar 03, P2]
11. Name neuro endocrine tumours of lung. [RS Sept 02, P2]

2)THE BLOOD VESSELS AND LYMPHATICS

Syllabus:
XI. Cardiovascular Pathology:
[4] Vascular diseases: Atherosclerosis, Monckeberg’s medial calcification, Aneurysm and Arteritis and tumours of Blood vessels.
Questions:
LE:
1. Discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Mention the complications of atherosclerosis. [4+4+2=10] [OS Apr 01]
2. Enumerate The risk factors of atherosclerosis and discuss the role of lipid and endothelial injury in its pathogenesis. [1+4+4=9] [RS Mar 04, P2]
SE:
1. Role of macrophages in atherosclerosis. [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Syphilitic aortitis. [RS Nov 01, P2]
SA:
1. Complicated lesions of atherosclerosis. [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Secondary changes in atheromatous plaque. [OS Sept 02]
3. Raynaud’s phenomenon. [RS Sept 02, P2]
4. What is Raynaud’s phenomenon? [OS Apr 02]
5. Definition and causes of Aneurysm. [RS Mar 03, P2]
6. Morphology of syphilitic aneurysm. [RS Dec 04, P2]
———————————-
Syllabus:
VI. Circulatory Disturbances:
[4] Thrombosis and Embolism : Formation, Fate and Effects.SA:
1. Migratory thrombophlebitis. [RS Sept 02, P1]

3)THE HEART

Syllabus:
XI. Cardiovascular Pathology:
[1] Congenital Heart disease: Atrial septal defect, Ventricular septal defect,
Fallot’s tetralogy, Patent ductus arteriosus.
[5] Ischemic Heart disease: Myocardial infarction.
[3] Rheumatic heart disease- Pathogenesis.
[2] Endocarditis-Causes and Pathogenesis.
[6] Hypertension and hypertensive heart disease.
[7] Cardiomyopathy-basic concepts.
[8] Tumours of heart.

Questions:
LE:
1. A 50 year old man is admitted with sudden onset of central chest pain of 6 hours duration. What is your probable diagnoses? Mention appropriate investigations. What morphological changes in the target organs are expected? [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Define Rheumatic fever. Describe the etiopathogenesis and pathology of rheumatic heart disease. [1+3+5] [RS Mar 03, P2]
3. Discuss pathogenesis and morphology of rheumatic heart disease.
[RS Mar 06, P2]
4. Describe the aetiology, pathogenesis, morphology and complications of Infective Endocarditis. [2+2+3+2] [RS Oct 03, P2]
SE:
1. Fallot’s tetralogy. [RS Mar 04, P2]
2. Write about the enzyme changes in myocardial infarction. [OS Apr 02]
3. Morphology of heart in chronic rheumatic heart disease. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Heart in endocarditis. [RS Mar 05, P2]
5. Libman Sach’s endocarditis. [RS Nov 00, P2]
6. Complications and the prognosis of subacute bacterial endocarditis.
[OS May 00]
7. Extracardiac lesions of subacute bacterial endocarditis. [RS Nov 01, P2]
8. Pericarditis. [RS Mar 06, P2]
SA:
1. Mention four components of Fallot’s tetralogy. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Four complications of myocardial infarction. [RS Dec 04, P2]
3. Corpulmonale-Definition and three causes. [RS Sept 02, P2]
4. Aschoff’s body. [RS Mar 05, P2]
5. Morphology of aschoff body. [RS Oct 03, P2]
6. Morphology of vegetations in infective endocarditis. [RS Mar 04, P2]
7. Cardiomyopathy-Definition and types. [RS Dec 04, P2]

4)THE HAEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM

Syllabus:
X. Haematology:
[1] Constituents of blood and bone marrow, Regulation of hematopoiesis.
[2] Anaemia: Classification, clinical features and lab diagnosis.
[3] Nutritional anaemias: Iron deficiency anemia; Folic acid, Vit. B 12 deficiency anemia including pernicious anaemia.
[4] Hemolytic Anaemias: classification and investigations.
Pathologic features of following types:
a. Hereditary Hemolytic Anaemias: Thalassemia, Sickle cell anaemia, Spherocytosis and enzyme deficiencies.
b. Acquired Hemolytic Anaemias:
i. Alloimmune, Autoimmune
ii. Drug induced, Microangiopathic.
[5] Pancytopenia- Aplastic anemia (Causes, pathogenesis, investigations)
[6] Haemostatic disorders, Vascular and Platelet disorders & lab diagnosis.
[7] Coagulopathies-Types: (i) Inherited, (ii) Acquired, with lab diagnosis.
[8] Leucocytic disorders: Leucocytosis, Leukopenias, Leukaemoid reaction.
(Etiology, types, pathogenesis & investigation of each type)
[9] Leukaemia: Classification, clinical manifestation, pathology and Diagnosis.
[11] Blood transfusion: Grouping and cross matching, untoward reactions, transmissible infections including HIV & hepatitis, Blood-components & plasma-pheresis.
[12] Myelodysplastic syndromes- Basic concepts. Etiology, Types, Pathogenesis & Investigations to be sent.
[13] Myeloproliferative disorders: Polycythemia, Myelofibrosis- basic concepts. Etiology, Types, Pathogenesis & Investigations to be sent.
Questions:
LE:
1. Define and classify anaemias. Discuss the laboratory diagnosis of megaloblastic anaemia. [1+3+5=9] [RS Sept 02, P1], [RS Nov 00, P1]
2. Mention 2 conditions where you get spherocytes in peripheral smear. Discuss the etiology and diagnosis of hereditary Spherocytosis. [1+8=9]
[RS Mar 04, P1]
3. Classify Haemolytic anaemias. Describe Sickle cell anaemia. [RS May 00, P1]
4. Define and classify leukaemia. Describe the laboratory diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia. [1+3+5=9] [RS Oct 03, P1]
5. Define Purpura. Describe the classification of purpuras. Describe the bone marrow picture of sickle cell anaemias. [RS May 00, P1]
6. Classify bleeding disorders. Describe the pathogenesis and lab findings of Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. [3+2+4] [RS Mar 03, P1]
SE:
1. Classification of anaemia. [RS Mar 06, P1]
2. Laboratory findings in megaloblastic anaemia. [RS Mar 06, P1],
[RS Dec 04, P1]
3. Laboratory diagnosis of megaloblastic anaemia. [RS Mar 05, P1]
4. Megaloblastic bone marrow. [RS Oct 03, P1]
5. Classification of haemolytic anaemia. [OS Apr 01]
6. Molecular pathogenesis of beta thalassaemia. [OS May 00]
7. Myelodysplastic syndrome. [RS Mar 03, P1]
8. Leukaemoid blood reaction. [RS Sept 02, P1]
9. Write a note on leukaemoid reactions. [OS Apr 02]
10. FAB classification of leukaemia. [RS Mar 05, P1]
11. Cytochemistry of acute leukaemias. [RS Mar 03, P1]
12. Chronic myeloid leukaemia. [RS Dec 04, P1]
13. Haemolytic findings in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. [OS Sept 02]
14. Haemophilia. [RS Mar 03, P1]
15. Von-Willebrand disease. [RS Mar 06, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]
16. Prothrombin time. [RS Oct 03, P1]
17. List the causes of thrombocytopenia. [OS May 00]
18. Drug induced thrombocytopenia. [OS Sept 02]
19. Haemolytic disease of newborn. [RS Mar 03, P1]
20. Erythroblastosis foetalis. [RS Mar 05, P1]
SA:
1. Target cell. what is it? How does it look? [RS May 00, P1]
2. Name parasites causing anaemias. [OS Apr 01]
3. Peripheral blood smear findings in Iron deficiency anaemia. [RS Oct 03, P1]
4. Peripheral smear in Iron deficiency anaemia. [RS Dec 04, P1]
5. Megaloblast. [RS Mar 05, P1]
6. What is schilling test? [RS Nov 00, P1]
7. Abnormally low R.B.C. count is seen. Name the condition. [RS May 00, P1]
8. Name four haemoglobinopathies. [OS Sept 02]
9. Classification of thalassaemia. [RS Mar 05, P1]
10. Last the abnormal hemoglobins. [RS Nov 00, P1]
11. Definition And causes of leuco-erythroblastic Anaemia. [RS Mar 03, P1]
12. Leukocytosis. [RS Mar 06, P1]
13. What is leucopenia? What are the causes? [RS Nov 00, P1]
14. Leucopenia. What is it? Name the causes. [RS May 00, P1]
15. Definition and two causes of leucopenia. [RS Sept 02, P1]
16. Normal and abnormal absolute eosinophil count values. [RS May 00, P1]
17. Peripheral smear findings in acute myeloid leukaemia. [RS Mar 05, P1]
18. Peripheral smear findings in chronic myeloid leukaemia. [RS Mar 06, P1]
19. Special stains used to differentiate Leukaemoid reaction and Leukaemia.
[RS May 00, P1]
20. Enumerate the causes of thrombocytosis. [RS Oct 03, P1]
21. Etiopathogenesis of ITP. [RS Mar 06, P1]
22. Blood transfusion reactions. [RS Mar 06, P1]
23. Name Diseases transmitted by blood transfusion. [RS Oct 03, P1]
—————————
Syllabus:
Clinical Haematology:
[3] Study of Bone Marrow and Marrow transfusion.
[2] Theoretical aspects of b) Blood indices, e) Reticulocyte, f) Normal values in
haematology.
[4] Blood grouping: a) Concept of Blood Group, d) Blood Transfusion, reaction,
diseases transmitted by blood transfusion.SE:
1. Reticulocyte. [RS Mar 06, P1]
2. ABO blood group system. [OS Apr 01]SA:
1. Name needles used for bone marrow biopsy. [RS Sept 02, P1]
2. Name red cell indices with normal values. RS Sept 02, P1]
3. Mean corpuscular volume. [OS May 00]
4. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. [RS Dec 04, P1]
5. Bombay blood group. [RS Oct 03, P1]
6. What is Rh blood grouping? [RS May 00, P1]

5)THE LYMPHOID SYSTEM

Syllabus:
XVI. Lymphoreticular System & Spleen
[1] Lymphadenitis-a) Non specific.
[2] Causes of lymph node enlargements: a) Reactive hyperplasia,
b) Primary Tumours-Hodgkin’s and Non Hodgkin’s Lymphomas,
c) Metastatic Tumours.
[3] Causes of Splenic Enlargements.
[4] Thymus: Thymoma.

Questions:
LE:
1. Classify Lymphomas. Describe the pathology of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [4+5=9] [RS Sept 02, P2]
2. Discuss and describe real classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
[RS Mar 06, P2]
SE:
1. Gross and microscopy of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [RS Oct 03, P2]
2. Nodular sclerosis type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [RS Dec 04, P2]
3. R.S. cell. [RS Nov 00, P2]
4. Classify non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [RS Nov 01, P2]
5. Hypersplenism. [RS Mar 03, P2]
SA:
1. Classification of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Morphology of Reed Sternberg cell. [RS Mar 04, P2]
3. Name peripheral B cell neoplasms. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Morphology of Follicular centre cell lymphoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
5. Tropical splenomegaly. [RS Nov 01, P2], [OS Apr 01]
Syllabus:
X. Haematology:
[10] Multiple myeloma and disproteinemias.

Questions:
SE:
1. Multiple myeloma. [RS Mar 03, P2]
SA:
1. M. Protein. [RS Nov 00, P2]

6)THE ORAL CAVITY & SALIVARY GLANDS

Syllabus:
XIV. Pathology of the Alimentary Tract
[1] Oral Pathology: Ulcers, leucoplakia, carcinoma, oral cavity diseases. Tumours and precancerous lesions of salivary glands.
[7] Salivary gland tumours: Mixed, Warthin’s
.Questions:
SE:
1. Leucoplakia. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Leucoplakia of oral cavity. [RS Mar 03, P2]
3. Etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of structures in the oral cavity. [RS Mar 05, P2]
4. Pleomorphic salivary adenoma. [RS Mar 04, P2]
5. Pleomorphic adenoma. [RS Nov 01, P2]SA:
1. Definition and morphology of leucoplakia. [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Name salivary gland tumours. [RS Sept 02, P2]
3. Microscopy of Pleomorphic Adenoma. [RS Oct 03, P2], [RS Mar 03, P2]

7)THE LIVER, BILIARY TRACT & EXOCRINE PANCREAS

Syllabus:
Clinical pathology:
[9] a. Liver Function test.

Questions:
SA:
1. Name The liver function tests. [RS Nov 00, P1]
2. Four indications of liver biopsy. [OS Apr 01]
3. Four indications for liver biopsy. [RS Oct 03, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]
————————————–
Syllabus:
XV. Hepato-Biliary Pathology:
[1] Jaundice: types, aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis.
[2] Hepatitis: acute, chronic, neonatal.
[3] Alcoholic liver disease.
[4] Cirrhosis: Postnecrotic, Alcoholic, Metabolic and Portal hypertension.
[5] Liver abscesses: Pyogenic, parasitic and Amoebic/Anaerobic.
[6] Tumours of Liver.
[7] Diseases of the Gall Bladder: Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis, Carcinoma. XIV. Pathology of the Alimentary Tract
[6] i) Exocrine Pancreas: Pancreatitis, Pancreatic tumours.
Questions:
LE:
1. Define and classify cirrhosis. Describe the pathology and complications of alcoholic cirrhosis. [1+3+3+2=9] [RS Nov 00, P2]SE:
1. Morphology of liver in hepatitis A. [RS Mar 05, P2]
2. Serological markers of Hepatitis B and their clinical significance.
[OS May 00]
3. Serum markers of hepatitis B viral infection. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Liver abscess. [RS Mar 03, P2], [RS Sept 02, P2]
5. Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. [RS Oct 03, P2]
6. Morphology of alcoholic hepatitis. [RS Dec 04, P2]
7. Wilson’s disease. [RS Nov 00, P2]
8. What are the complications of portal cirrhosis? [OS Apr 02]
9. Cholelithiasis. [OS Sept 02]
10. Etiology of hepatoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
11. Acute pancreatitis. [RS Nov 01, P2]
12. Morphology of acute pancreatitis. [RS Mar 04, P2]
SA:
1. Bilirubin metabolism. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Councilman body. [RS Nov 01, P2]
3. Mention the antibodies of hepatitis B infection. [RS Mar 04, P2]
4. Sequelae of hepatitis B infection. [RS Dec 04, P2]
5. Parasitic infestations of liver. [RS Nov 00, P2
6. Aetiology of Hepatoma. [RS Oct 03, P2]
7. Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular carcinoma. [RS mar 06, P2]
8. List the risk factors for pigment stones of gall bladder. [OS May 00]
9. Four risk factors f or gall stones. [RS Mar 06, P2]
10. Types of gall stones. [RS Mar 05, P2], [RS Nov 01, P2]
11. Effects of Gall stones. [RS Mar 03, P2], [RS Sept 02, P2], [RS Nov 00, P2]
12. Complications of acute pancreatitis. [RS Sept 02, P2]
————————
Syllabus:
VIII. Nutritional And other disorders:
[2] b. Disorders of mineral metabolism such as i) copper.

Questions:
Nil

8)THE EYE, ENT & NECK

Syllabus:
XXIII. Ocular Pathology:
[1] Inflammations and infections of Conjunctiva, Lachrymal Glands.
[2] Tumours: Retinoblastoma.

Questions:
Nil

9)THE KIDNEY & LOWER FOR URINARY TRACT

Syllabus:
Clinical Pathology:
[9] b. Renal Function Test.

Questions:
SE:
1. Urinary casts. [RS Oct 03, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]
SA:
1. Enumerate the Urinary casts. [RS Nov 00, P1]
—————————-
Syllabus:
XIII. Pathology of kidney and urinary tract:
Etiology, pathogenesis, pathologic features and diagnostic features of each of the following disorders:
[8] Renal malformations: Polycystic kidneys, types and clinical features.
[1] Glomerular diseases- nephritic and nephrotic syndrome.
[2] Tubulointerstitial diseases: Acute tubular necrosis and pyelonephritis.
[3] Renal vascular disorders: eg: kidney changes in hypertension.
[4] Renal tumours: Renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma.
[5] Urolithiasis and Obstructive Uropathy, Hydronephrosis.
[6] Ureteric lesion: Inflammatory lesions and tumours.
[7] Urinary bladder: Inflammatory lesions and tumours.

Questions:
LE:
1. 8yr old boy presented with oliguria, hypertension and smoky urine. What is your diagnosis? Discuss the etiology and pathology of this condition. [1+4+4] [RS Dec 04, P2]
2. Describe the aetio-pathogenesis, Gross and microscopy of chronic pyelonephritis. [3+3+3=9] [RS Oct 03, P2]
SE:
1. Adult polycystic kidney disease. [RS Mar 04, P2]
2. Circulating immune complex nephritis. [RS Mar 06, P2]
3. Morphology of acute glomerulonephritis. [RS Mar 05, P2]
4. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. [RS Mar 04, P2]
5. Classification and pathogenesis of Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
[OS May 00]
6. Renal changes in Diabetes mellitus. [RS Sept 02, P2], [OS Sept 02]
7. Pathogenesis of Essential hypertension. [RS Sept 02, P2]
8. What are the renal changes in hypertension? [OS Apr 02]
9. Kidney Changes in hypertension. [RS Mar 06, P2]
10. Hydronephrosis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
11. Wilm’s tumour. [RS Mar 06, P2], [RS Mar 04, P2], [RS Nov 00, P2],
[OS Apr 01]
SA:
1. Horse shoe kidney. [RS Nov 00, P2]
2. List the causes of acute renal failure. [OS May 00]
3. Urinary findings in acute nephritis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
4. Four causes of nephrotic syndrome. [RS Dec 04, P2]
5. Light microscopy in minimal change disease. [RS Mar 05, P2]
6. Causes of “End-Stage Kidney”. [RS Sept 02, P2]
7. Nodular glomerulosclerosis. [RS Dec 04, P2]
8. Microscopy of chronic pyelonephritis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
9. Causes of Hydronephrosis. [RS Mar 04, P2]
10. Morphology of Renal cell carcinoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
11. Write a few lines about malakoplakia . [OS Apr 02]
12. Morphology Of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. [RS Dec 04, P2]

 

10)THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM & PROSTATE.

Syllabus:
XVII. Reproductive System (Male & Female)
[9] Basic of Pathology of Infertility.
[7] Inflammatory lesions and tumours of testis.
[8] Diseases of penis- inflammatory, premalignant lesions and tumours.
[6] Prostate: Nodular hyperplasia and carcinoma.

Questions:
SE:
1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. [RS Nov 01, P2]
2. Write briefly about Benign prostatic hyperplasia. [OS Apr 02]
SA:
1. Cryptorchidism. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Complications of undescended testis. [OS Sept 02]
3. Classification of testicular tumours. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Name Germ cell tumours of testis. [RS Sept 02, P2]
5. Microscopic appearance of seminoma. [RS Mar 04, P2]
6. Secondary effects of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. [RS Oct 03, P2]

11)THE FEMALE GENITAL TRACT

Syllabus:
XVII. Reproductive System (Male & Female)
[1] Diseases of Vulva- Bartholin’s cyst, Condyloma acuminate and tumours.
[2] Diseases of cervix: cervicitis and cervical carcinoma, CIN.
[3] Diseases of uterus: Normal, hormonal changes in the endometrium, endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, adenomyosis, smooth muscle tumours, Endometriosis- classification.
[5] diseases of ovary and Fallopian tubes: Endometriosis and tumours.
[4] Trophoblastic disease: Hydatidiform mole, Choriocarcinoma and laboratory diagnosis.
Questions:
LE:
1. Describe the aetiology, pathology and spread of carcinoma cervix.
[3+3+3=9 Marks] [RS Nov 00, P2]
2. Classify tumours of the uterus. Discuss the pathology of leiomyoma. Add a note on the secondary changes in leiomyoma. [4+3+3=10 marks] [OS Apr 02]
3. Classify tumours of ovary. Discuss the gross and microscopy of serous tumours of ovary. [4+3+3=10 marks] [OS Sept 02]
4. Classify tumours of ovary. Discuss the gross and microscopy of mucinous tumours of ovary. [4+2+3=9 marks] [RS Sept 02, P2]
SE:
1. Role of virus in carcinoma of cervix. [RS Mar 04, P2]
2. Classification of ovarian tumours. [RS Mar 04, P2]
3. Serous cystadenoma of ovary. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Struma ovary. [OS Sept 02]
5. Hydatidiform mole. [RS Mar 03, P2]
6. Choriocarcinoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
SA:
1. Trichomoniasis. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Endocervical polyp. [RS Mar 06, P2]
3. Risk factors of carcinoma cervix. [RS Nov 01, P2]
4. Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade III (CIN III). [OS May 00]
5. Differences Between adenomyosis and endometriosis. [OS Apr 02]
6. Endometriosis. [RS Mar 06, P2]
7. Causes of Endometrial Hyperplasia. [RS Mar 03, P2]
8. Morphology of cystoglandular hyperplasia. [RS Mar 04, P2]
9. Classify tumours of Uterus. [RS Oct 03, P2]
10. Borderline tumours of ovary. [RS Mar 06, P2]
11. Brenner tumour-Microscopy. [RS Oct 03, P2]
12. Name Germ cell tumours of the ovary. [RS Nov 00, P2]
13. Morphology Of cystic Teratoma of ovary. [RS Dec 04, P2]
14. Struma ovarii. [RS Nov 01, P2]
15. Microscopy of dysgerminoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
16. Krukenberg’s tumor. [RS Mar 03, P2], [RS Nov 01, P2], [OS Apr 01]
17. Morphology of hydatidiform mole. [RS Mar 04, P2]

12)THE BREAST

Syllabus:
XVIII. Diseases of Breast:
Diseases of the Breast: Mastitis, abscess, fibrocystic disease, Neoplastic lesions, Fibroadenoma, duct papilloma, carcinoma, Phylloides tumour, Gynaecomastia.
Questions:
LE:
1. Classify Tumours of the breast. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and pathology of carcinoma breast. [3+3+3=9 Marks] [RS Nov 01, P2]
SE:
1. Write briefly about the non-tumorous causes of breast lumps. [OS Apr 02]
2. Classification of tumours of breast. [RS Oct 03, P2]
3. Etiology of carcinoma of breast. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Paget’s disease of the nipple. [RS Mar 04, P2]
5. Prognostic Factors of carcinoma breast. [RS Sept 02, P2]
6. Factors that influence the prognosis of breast cancer. [OS May 00]
SA:
1. Plasma cell mastitis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
2. Gynecomastia. [RS Mar 06, P2]
3. Morphology of infiltrating duct carcinoma. [RS Dec 04, P2]
4. Paget’s disease of breast. [RS Nov 00, P2], [OS Apr 01]

13)THE SKIN

Syllabus:
XXII. Dermatopathology:
[1] a. Various Dermatitis/Dermatosis,
[2] Skin tumours: Squamous cell carcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma, melanoma.
[3] Dermal & appendage tumours.

Questions:
SE:
1. Nevus. [RS Nov 01, P2]
2. Malignant melanoma. [RS Mar 03, P2]
SA:
1. Name Pigmented lesions of skin. [RS Oct 03, P2]
2. Molluscum contagiosum. [RS Sept 02, P2], [RS Nov 00, P2]
3. Mention Pre-malignant lesions of skin. [RS Sept 02, P2]
4. Bowen’s disease. [RS Nov 01, P2]
5. Etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of skin. [RS Dec 04, P2]
6. Aetiology of basal cell carcinoma. [RS Nov 00, P2]
7. Morphology of basal cell carcinoma. [RS Mar 04, P2]
8. Microscopy of Basal cell carcinoma. [RS Mar 03, P2]
9. What is rodent ulcer? Write few lines about it. [OS Apr 02]
10. Clinical warning signs of melanoma in a mole. [RS Mar 05, P2]
——————————–
Syllabus:
VII. Growth disturbances and Neoplasia:
[6] a. Epithelial Tumours: i) Benign, e.g.: Squamous papilloma.
ii) Malignant, e.g.: Squamous cell carcinoma, Malignant melanoma.
Questions:
Nil

14)THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Syllabus:
XX. Endocrine Pathology:
[6] Pituitary tumours.
[4] Adrenal diseases: cortical hyperplasia, atrophy, tuberculosis, tumours of cortex and medulla.
[2] Non-neoplastic lesions of Thyroid: Iodine deficiency goiter, autoimmune Thyroiditis, Thyrotoxicosis, myxedema, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
[3] Tumours of Thyroid: Adenoma, carcinoma: Papillary, Follicular, Medullary, Anaplastic.
[5] Parathyroid hyperplasia.
[1] Diabetes Mellitus: Types, Pathogenesis, Pathology, laboratory diagnosis.XIV. Pathology of the Alimentary Tract:
[6] ii) Tumours of Endocrine Pancreas.Questions:
LE:
1. Classify Hodgkin’s disease. Describe the gross and microscopic features of all the subtypes. Comment On its prognosis. [OS May 00]
SE:
1. Pheochromocytoma. [RS Oct 03, P2], [RS Mar 03, P2]
2. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. [RS Dec 04, P2]
3. Pathogenesis and pathology of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. [RS Oct 03, P2]
4. Pathogenesis and pathology of Grave’s disease. [RS Sept 02, P2]
5. Multinodular goitre. [RS mar 03, P2], [OS Apr 01]
6. Follicular adenoma of thyroid. [RS Mar 05, P2]
7. Medullary carcinoma thyroid. [RS Nov 00, P2]
8. Role of non-enzymatic glycosylation in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. [OS May 00]
9. Islet cell Tumour of pancreas. [RS Mar 05, P2]
SA:
1. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. [RS Mar 06, P2]
2. Nature of antibodies in Grave’s disease. [OS May 00]
3. Microscopic appearance of papillary carcinoma of thyroid. [RS Mar 04, P2]
4. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. [RS Oct 03, P2], [RS Nov 01, P2]
5. What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome? [RS Mar 06, P2]
————————————-
Syllabus:
XIX. Diseases of musculoskeletal system:
[2] Metabolic Diseases: c) Hyperparathyroidism.XXI. Neuropathology:
[3] CNS Tumours: b) Neuroblastoma.Questions:
Nil

15)THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Syllabus:
XIX. Diseases of Musculoskeletal System:
[1] a. Osteomyelitis: Acute, chronic, and tuberculous.
[2] (i)Metabolic Diseases: b) Osteoporosis.
(ii) Paget’s disease.
[3] Tumours-Classification: a) Benign, b) Malignant, c) Metastatic.
[4] Arthritis: c) Osteoarthritis, a) Suppurative, b) Rheumatoid, e) Tuberculous, d) Gout.

Questions:
LE:
1. Classify bone tumours and write the morphology of osteosarcoma.
[RS Dec 04, P2]
SE:
1. Pyogenic osteomyelitis. [RS Sept 02, P2]
2. Tuberculous osteomyelitis. [RS Nov 00, P2]
3. Classification of Bone tumours. [RS Oct 03, P2]
4. Chondrosarcoma.[RS Nov 01, P2]
5. Pathogenesis and pathology of Gout. [RS Oct 03, P2]
6. Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis. [RS Sept 02, P2]
SA:
1. Sequestrum. [RS Mar 03, P2], [RS Nov 01, P2]
2. Complications of pyogenic osteomyelitis. [RS Dec 04, P2]
3. Osteoid osteoma. [RS Mar 06, P2]
4. Gross And microscopic appearance of osteosarcoma. [OS May 00]
5. Enumerate chondrogenic tumours. [RS Mar 04, P2]
6. Microscopy of chondroma. [RS Mar 03, P2], [RS Nov 00, P2]
7. Microscopic appearance of Ewing’s sarcoma. [RS Mar 05, P2]
8. Rheumatoid nodule. [OS Sept 02]
9. Gouty tophi. [RS Mar 06, P1]

16)SOFT TISSUE TUMOURS

Syllabus:
VII. Growth disturbances and Neoplasia:
[6] b. Mesenchymal Tumours: i) Benign, e.g.: Fibroma, Lipoma.
ii) Malignant, e.g.: Fibrosarcoma, Liposarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma.
[8] b. Tumour Like lesions of soft tissues.
Questions:
SE:
1. Myositis ossificans. [RS Nov 01, P2]
——————————
Syllabus:
XIX. Diseases of Musculoskeletal System:
[3] Tumours -Classification : d) Synovial sarcoma.
Questions:
Nil

17)THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Syllabus:
Clinical Pathology:
[5] CSF Analysis.

Questions:
SA:
1. List the CSF findings in pyogenic meningitis. [RS Nov 00, P1]
2. CSF findings in pyogenic meningitis. [RS May 00, P1]
3. CSF findings in tuberculous meningitis. [RS Dec 04, P1]
4. CSF cytology in Tuberculous meningitis. [RS Sept 02, P1]
5. CSF in neurosyphilis. [RS Nov 01, P2]

——————————
Syllabus:
XI. Cardiovascular Pathology:
[4] Vascular diseases: c) Aneurysm.

Questions:
SE:
1. Berry Aneurysm. [RS Nov 00, P2]

————————-
Syllabus:
XXI. Neuropathology:
[1] Inflammations and Infections: b) Pyogenic Meningitis, c) Viral Meningitis,
a) TB Meningitis, d) Brain Abscess.
[4] Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinsonism.
[3] CNS Tumours: a) Astrocytoma, d) Medulloblastoma, c) Meningioma.

Questions:
SE:
1. Astrocytoma. [RS Oct 03, P2]
2. Meningioma. [RS Sept 02, P2]
3. Morphology of Meningioma. [RS Dec 04, P2]

SA:
1. CSF findings in tuberculous meningitis. [RS Mar 04, P1]
2. CSF findings in viral meningitis. [RS Mar 03, P2]
3. Classification Of brain tumours. [RS Mar 05, P2]
4. What is astrocytoma? How does it differ from glioma? [OS Apr 02]
5. Types of Meningioma histologic. [RS Oct 03, P2]

———————-
Syllabus:
VI. Circulatory Disturbances:
[1] Vascular damages: c) haemorrhage in detail.

VII. Growth disturbances and Neoplasia:
[6] b. Mesenchymal Tumours: i) Benign, e.g.:3) Neurofibroma.

Questions:
SA:
1. Subarachnoid haemorrhage. [RS Nov 00, P2]

18)DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY

Syllabus:
I. Introduction:
*……….. present state of the art….
VII. Growth disturbances and Neoplasia:
[7] Diagnostic Methods: b) Exfoliative Cytology, c) FNAC.
Clinical pathology:
[6] Semen Analysis.
[7] Exfoliative Cytology, FNAC, FNAB.
Questions:
SE:
1. Semen analysis. [RS Mar 06, P1], [RS Oct 03, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]
SA:
1. Cytologic (Pap) smear. [RS Mar 06, P1]
2. Papanicolaou (PAP) smears. [OS May 00]
3. Indications for Exfoliative cytology. [RS Nov 00, P1]
4. Name some fixatives used in histopathology and cytopathology.
[RS Nov 00, P1]
5. How do you examine semen in a case of suspected infertility? [RS Nov 01, P1]
6. Aspiration cytology. Name the applications. [RS May 00, P1]
7. Common organs in which F.N.A.C. is done. [RS May 00, P1]
8. Contraindications for Liver biopsy. [RS Mar 05, P1]