2nd year:Microbiology - IMMUNOLOGY IMP QUESTIONS.

 IMMUNOLOGY:

1.INFECTION

Questions:
SE:
1. Enumerate various types of carriers with examples. [RS Mar 05, P1]
2. Add a note on various virulence factors in bacteria. [RS May 00, P1]
3. Exotoxins. [RS Mar 04, P1]

SA:
1. Healthy carrier. [RS Mar 06, P1]
2. Define and mention two zoonotic infections. [OS May 00]
3. Two zoonotic bacterial diseases. [RS Nov 00, P1]
4. Give two examples for zoonotic bacterial diseases. [RS Mar 06, P1]
5. Name two zoonotic bacterial diseases. [RS Mar 04, P1]
6. Name two congenital infections. [RS Dec 04, P1]
7. Give two examples for examples for virulence factors in bacteria. [RS Mar 06, P1]

2.IMMUNITY

Questions:
LE:
1. Define And classify immunity. Explain the different types of immunity with examples. [OS Apr 02]
2. Classify immunity and describe active immunity with examples. [OS Nov 00]
SE:
1. What is innate immunity and discuss its mechanism? [RS Apr 01, P1]
2. Active immunity. [RS Nov 00, P1]
3. Passive immunity. [RS Nov 01, P1], [RS Oct 03, P1]
SA:
1. Four bacterial vaccines. [OS Nov 01]
2. Mention four live attenuated vaccines. [RS Nov 00, P1]
3. Name four killed vaccines. [RS Mar 05, P1], [RS Nov 01, P1]
4. Mention two killed vaccines. [RS Mar 03, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]
5. Herd immunity. [RS Mar 04, P1], [RS Mar 03, P1]

3.ANTIGENS

Questions:
SA:
1. What are the main attributes that make a substance a good antigen? [RS May 00, P1]
2. Write four important properties of antigen. [OS Nov 00]
3. Definition and example for hapten. [RS Oct 03, P1]
4. Definition and examples of heterophile antigen. [RS Mar 03, P1]

4.ANTIGEN –ANTIBODY REACTIONS

Questions:
LE:
1. Enumerate antigen antibody reactions. Describe the principle, methodology and clinical applications of agglutination reactions with suitable examples. [3+2+2+2] [RS Mar 03, P1]

SE:
1. Agglutination tests and its applications. [RS Sept 02, P1]
2. Immunofluorescence Test. [RS Nov 00, P1], [RS Mar 04, P1]
3. ELISA test and its principle and applications. [OS Nov 00]

SA:
1. Define Agglutination. Give two examples. [OS Mar 00]
2. Give two examples of agglutination reactions. [RS Dec 04]
3. Mention two examples of agglutination reactions. [RS Dec 04, P1]

————————————————-
Syllabus:

Questions:
SE:
1. ELISA test and its applications. [RS Mar 05, P2], [RS Nov 01, P2]

5.COMPLEMENT SYSTEM

Questions:
LE:
1. What is Complement? Describe the mechanism of Complement Fixation. Add a note on Complement Fixation Test. [OS Sept 02]
SE:
1. Describe complement and its functions. [RS Nov 01, P1]
2. Biological functions of complement. [RS Mar 06, P1], [RS Mar 05, P1], [RS Mar 03, P1]
SA:
1. Complement deficiency states. [RS Oct 03, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1]

6.STRUCTURE & FUNCTIONS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Questions:
LE:
1. Mention the cells involved in immune response. Describe the development, identification and functions of different types of lymphocytes. [3+2+2+2=9 Marks]
SE:
1. Central lymphoid organs. [RS Oct 03, P1]
2. Peripheral lymphoid organs. [RS Mar 03, P1]
3. Functions of macrophage. [RS Apr 01, P1]
4. Major histocompatibility complex. [RS Sept 02, P1]
5. Describe HLA antigens and a note on their role in immunity. [RS May 00, P1]
SA:
1. Describe four properties of T Lymphocyte. [RS Nov 00, P1]
2. Mention 4 properties of B- lymphocytes. [RS Mar 03, P1], [RS Nov 01, P1]
3. Plasma cell. [RS Apr 01, P1], [RS Nov 00, P1]
4. What are the main functions of macrophages and NK cells. [RS May 00, P1]
5. Antigen presenting cells. [RS Mar 05, P1], [RS Sept 02, P1], [RS Nov 00, P1]
6. Uses of HLA typing. [RS may 00, P1]

7.IMMUNE RESPONSE

Questions:
SE:
1. Monoclonal antibody. [RS Oct 03, P1]
2. Monoclonal antibody- Principle and its applications. [RS Nov 01, P1]
3. Cytokines. [RS Mar 03, P1], [RS Apr 01, P1]
4. Immunological tolerance. [RS Sept 02, P1]
SA:
1. Adjuvants. [RS Oct 03, P1]
2. Interleukin II. [RS Oct 03, P1]
3. What tests are done to test cell mediated immunity? [RS May 00, P1]
4. Any four Immunosuppressive agents. [RS Sept 02, P1]

8.HYPERSENSITIVITY

Questions:
LE:
1. Define Hypersensitivity. Classify Hypersensitivity. Write in detail on type I Hypersensitivity. [1+3+5=9 Marks] [RS mar 04, P1]
2. Classify and define hypersensitivity. Describe type I hypersensitivity. [RS Mar 06, P1]
3. Define and classify Hypersensitivity and describe anaphylaxis in detail. [2+2+5=9 Marks] [RS Nov 01, P1]
4. Define and classify hypersensitivity reactions. Describe anaphylaxis. [OS May 00]

SE:
1. Type I hypersensitivity [RS Nov 00, P1]
2. Anaphylaxis. [RS Dec 04, P1], [OS Apr 02]
3. Atopy. [RS Oct 03, P1]
4. Type III Hypersensitivity reactions.[OS Nov 01]
5. Serum sickness. [OS Mar 99]

SA:
1. Define Anaphylaxis. [RS Apr 01, P1]
2. Arthus phenomenon. [RS Sept 02, P1]

9.AUTOIMMUNITY

Questions:
SE:
1. Mechanism of auto immunity. [RS Sept 02, P1]
2. Organ specific autoimmune disease. [RS Mar 03, P1]
SA:
1. Name two autoimmune diseases and their autoantibodies. [RS May 00, P1]

10.IMMUNOLOGY OF TRANSPLANTATION & MALIGNANCY

Questions:
SE:
1. Allograft. [RS Mar 04, P1]
2. Graft versus host reactions. [RS Mar 05, P1], [RS Mar 03, P1]
SA:
1. Different types of transplantation. [RS Mar 03, P1]
2. Tumour antigens. [RS Oct 03, P1]

11.IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY

Questions:
Nil